Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes that resemble woodlice, although they are not closely related. They are short-bodied compared to other millipedes and will roll into a ball as a defense mechanism. They can also exude a noxious liquid, which may be both caustic and toxic, to repel predators. Pill millipedes are detritivorous, feeding on decomposing plant matter, usually in woodlands.
Although often confused with woodlice (isopods), the two are easy to tell apart: isopods have seven pairs of legs and pill millipedes have two pairs of legs per body segment, with eleven to thirteen segments.
(Photo credit - 1: L. Shyamal, 2: Dinesh Valke, 3-4: George Francis, 5:
Mark Yokoyama, 6: Alan Harper, 7: NH53, 8: Chun Xing Wong and 9: Bernard Dupont)
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Number of segments, proportionality width vs length, body plans
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